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This laboratory investigates the pathogenesis of aquatic animal diseases using traditional pathological methods combined with current molecular methods. Current research involves examination of hard clam strain susceptibility to Quahog Parasite Unknown and the methods of transmission of that protistian organism between infected and uninfected animals; detection of disease-causing protozoan organisms (MSX and SSO) in eastern oysters using PCR, and in situ hybridization techniques and evaluation of inbred strains of oysters for resistance to disease vs. productivity as commercial aquaculture stock. Other projects involve examination of early life stages of cultured summer flounder for disease problems and determination of possible causes of lobster shell disease in the northeast.
Veterinarian Roxanna Smolowitz
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Education:
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| 1984-1987 |
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MBL FoBang Fellowship in Invertebrate Pathology |
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| 1982-1982 |
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Resident in Pathology, Angell Memorial Animal Hospital |
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| 1981 |
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D.V.M. Purdue University |
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| 1976 |
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B.A. Indiana State University |
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Publications:
Smolowitz, R.M., D.L. Miosky and C.L. Reinisch. 1989. Ontogeny of leukemic cells of the soft shell clam. J. Invert. Path. 52:41-51.
Smolowitz, R.M., M.E. Hahn and J.J. Stegeman. Immunohistochemical localization of cytochrome P-450IA1 induced by 3,3'4,4'-tetrachlorobiphenyl and by 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzofuran in liver and extrahepatic tissues of the teleost Stenotomus chrysops (scup). Drug Met. and Disp. 19:113-123, 1991.
Smolowitz, R.M., R.A. Bullis, and D.A. Abt. Pathological cuticular changes of winter impoundment shell disease preceding and during intermolt in the American lobster, Homarus americanus. Biol. Bull. 183:99-112. 1992.
Wikfors, Gary H. and Roxanna M. Smolowitz. 1995. Experimental and histological studies of four life-history stages of the Eastern oyster, Crassostrea virginica, exposed to a cultured strain of the dinoflagellate, Prorocentrum minimum. Biol. Bull. 188:313-328.
Smolowitz, R., D. Leavitt, and F. Perkins. 1998. Observations of a protistan disease similar to QPX in Mercenaria mercenaria (hard clams) from the coast of Massachusetts. J.I.P. 71: 9-25.
P.A. Mass,S. J. Kleinschuster, M. Dykstra, R. Smolowitz and J. Parent. 1999. Molecular characterization of QPX (Quahog parasite Unknown), a pathogen of Mercenaria mercenaria. J. Shellfish Res. 18: 561-567.
Noga, E.J., R. Smolowitz and L.H. Khoo. 2000. Pathology of shell disease in the blue crab, Callinectes sapidus Rathbun, (Decapoda: Portunidae). J. of Fish Diseases 23: 389-399.
Sunila, I., N. A. Stokes, R. Smolowitz, R. C. Karney and E. M. Burreson. 2002. Haplosporidium costale (Seaside organism), a parasite of the eastern oyster, is present on Long Island Sound. JSR 21: 113-118.
Lyons, M.M., Roxanna Smolowitz, Kevin R. Uhlinger, Rebecca J. Gast, J. Evan Ward. 2005. Lethal marine snow: Pathogen of bivalve mollusc concealed in marine aggregates. Limnol. Oceanogr. 50: 1983-1988.
Smolowitz, R., Chistoserdov, A., and A. Hsu. 2005. Epizootic shell disease in American lobster, Homarus americanus. In (Tlusty, M.F., Halvoarson, H.O., Smolowitz, R. and Sharma, U., eds) Lobster Shell Disease Workshop. Aquatic Forum Series 05-1. New England Aquarium, p. 1-11.
Lyons MM, Smolowitz R, Dungan C, Roberts SB. 2006. Development of a real-time quantitative PCR assay for the hard clam pathogen, Quahog Parasite Unknown (QPX). Diseases of Aquatic Organisms, 72:45-52.
Gast, R.J., E. Cushman, D.M. Moran, K.R. Uhlinger, D. Leavitt and R. Smolowitz. 2006. DGGE-based detection method for Quahog Parasite Unknown (QPX) from environmental samples and clam tissues. Journal of Shellfish Research. Diseases of Aquatic Organisms 70: 115-122.
Halvorson, H. and R. Smolowitz. Aquaculture, Microbiology of. In (A.I. Laskin ed., Third Edition of Encyclopedia of Microbiology) Accepted for publication.
Gauger, E., R. Smolowitz, K. Uhlinger, J. Casey, M. Gomez-Chiarri. 2006. Vibrio harveyi and other bacterial pathogens in cultured summer flounder, Paralichthys dentatus. Aquaculture 260: 10-20.
Ford, S. and R. Smolowitz. 2006. Infection dynamics of an oyster parasite in its newly expended range. Mar. Biol. Published on line Sept 15, 2006. Springer Verlag
Smolowitz, R. 2006. Gastropods. In (G. Lewbart Ed.) Invertebrate Medicine. Blackwell Publishing, Ames, Iowa. p.65-78.
Berkins, I. and R. Smolowitz. 2006. Handling of Pathological Samples from Invertebrates. In (G. Lewbart, Ed.) Invertebrate Medicine. Blackwell Publishing, Ames, Iowa. p.263-274.
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